A Guide to Safe Abortion: What you need to know
“Abortion in India is legal if performed within 20 weeks of pregnancy”
Abortion or Medical Termination of Pregnancy can be performed primarily through two safe methods – pill and in-clinic. But before proceeding there are certain questions you need to ask yourself – Are you ready? What is the most convenient way to abort? Are you aware of post abortion wellness?
In India as many as 1 million women opt for abortion every single year. Sadly, only 46% undergo safe abortion procedures. Rural India typically faces more challenges when it comes to hygienic practices in abortion. Thanks to awareness campaigns, women across all strata of society no longer treat this topic like a taboo or crime. Right to abortion therefore has been acknowledged as a women empowerment initiative.
Pre- Abortion Assessment
Ensuring a pregnancy and determining its duration is a must as the duration of pregnancy is a significant factor in deciding which method of abortion must be opted for – medicated abortion or a surgical abortion. Also, whether the embryo is intrauterine or not, is also a decisive factor.
Safe Abortion: Methods
Medicated Abortion
A medicated abortion is considered safe till the 12
th
week of pregnancy. This procedure can take place at home without the presence of a medical practitioner; however, supervision is necessary. A medicated abortion consists of taking a combination of Mifepristone and Misoprostol pills. Mifepristone restricts the growth of the hormone progesterone & prevents the embryo from growing. Misoprostol triggers contraction of the uterus wall inducing release of the embryo from the uterus lining. The standard kit contains one tablet of Mifepristone and four tablets of Misoprostol.
The pills can be consumed orally. Apart from oral intake, the other way of administering misoprostol is through the vagina, the reason being effective and immediate impact. However, the only demerit about medicated abortion is that it induces sharp cramping, similar to that of a labour pain.
Surgical Method: The Vacuum Aspiration Procedure
Beyond 12 weeks, because the foetus has matured, doctors advise undergoing the surgical method for a safe and clear abortion. A thin pipe or canula is inserted in the uterus and the embryo is pumped out. This is a non-anaesthetic quick process. Vacuum Aspiration Procedure is performed at a clinic by a trained medic. Abortion is followed by heavy bleeding which may last a month. However it differs from one woman to another.
Post Abortion Recovery
Physical Recovery
Because the body now will lose excess blood, it is advised that post abortion care should contain a healthy diet of iron rich food. Supplements as vitamins and nutrients can play a major role in quick recovery.
Mental Wellness
Abortion not only takes a toll on the body but also casts a heavy emotional impact. Therefore, it is always advised to carry out the procedure in an environment of care and comfort and in the company of your loved ones. For those that are seriously affected, seeking counselling can help overcome the situation.
Abortion can be a horrible experience for some. Therefore, the best step to take is to prevent unwanted pregnancy and other complications by resorting to safe sex. A number of options are available that promote safe sex – male & female condoms, using diaphragm, cervical cap, sponge, spermicide, contraceptive pills, patches, injections, vaginal rings and more. Get informed by a doctor on the ways to avoid pregnancy if you are not ready for parenthood.
