WHAT IS DIARRHEA? 

Diarrhea is a condition that leads to loose and watery stools (bowel movement). It's a condition of repeated loose motions. It’s a common condition and usually not serious. Some people get it more often as part of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) or other conditions.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF DIARRHEA? 

• Cramps and knotted feeling in the stomach
• Thin, loose or watery stools
• Bloating in the stomach
• Urgent feeling to pass stool 
• Nausea and vomiting
• Other symptoms may include: blood or mucous in stool, weight-loss, fever

In case of watery stools more than 3-4 times a day and not getting enough fluids, can lead to dehydration. That can cause serious complications if it's not treated.

DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT 

Diagnosis: The condition is very clear in it’s diagnosis. The Doctor would review detailed medical history besides conducting a physical examination. The following tests may be required to determine the cause of diarrhea: 

• Blood test. A complete blood count test can help determine the cause of diarrhea.
• Stool test. A stool test may be needed to determine whether a bacterium or parasite is causing diarrhea.
• Flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy. These procedures may be required to look at the lining of your colon and provide biopsies if no cause is evident for persistent diarrhea.

Treatment: In mild cases, no medication is required.  Patient just needs to stay hydrated. Drink at least 6-8 glasses of fluids each day such as water, fruit juices without pulp, broth, or ORS. Instead of drinking liquids with your meals, drink liquids between meals. Sip small amounts of fluids often.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION

1. Seek immediate medical assistance in case of blood in stools or black coloured stools, nausea or vomiting preventing to keep down fluids or severe pain in abdomen or rectum. 
2. Signs of dehydration that require immediate medical help include dark urine, less urine, rapid heart rate, irritability, confusion etc.