WHAT IS ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

Esophageal cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the lining of the esophagus, the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. Smoking and heavy alcohol use are the most common causes. But obesity and complications from long-term gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, also can cause this cancer. Difficulty swallowing, the most common symptom, doesn't usually show up until the cancer has advanced. Survival rates are low, because it most often is diagnosed at a later stage, when it is more difficult to treat. 

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER? 

Some of the symptoms of Esophgeal Cancer are: 

• Cough
• Black coloured stools
• Hoarseness of voice
• Unexplained Weight loss 
• Difficulty swallowing
• Pain or discomfort
• Bloody or red coloured vomit

DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT

Diagnosis: Diagnosis is made by a detailed review of patient symptoms, medical history and a physical examination. Additional diagnostic tests such as  X-rays, an examination of the esophagus with an endoscope, and CT scan may be required. 

Treatment: Treatment will depend on the stage of the cancer and patient’s medical condition and may include the following modalities. 

1. Surgery
2. Chemotherapy
3. Radiation therapy
4. Phototherapy

IMPORTANT INFORMATION

1. Consult a Doctor if you have trouble swallowing or any other symptoms of esophageal cancer, such as pain or burning in the chest, hoarseness, chronic cough, black stools, or brown vomit.
2. Call emergency medical care in case of sudden symptoms like chest pain or severe difficulty breathing or swallowing.