Colposcopy (10-20 minutes’ procedure) closely examines the cervix, vagina and vulva for any signs of disease.

WHY IS COLPOSCOPY DONE?

Colposcopy is advised  if the Pap test results are abnormal. In case, the  doctor finds an unusual area of cells during colposcopy, a sample of tissue can be collected for biopsy.

Colposcopy helps diagnosing:

• Precancerous changes in vagina or cervix tissues

• Precancerous changes in vulva

• Genital warts

• Inflammation of the cervicitis(cervix)

HOW TO PREPARE FOR COLPOSCOPY?

• avoid scheduling the colposcopy during periods

• do not have vaginal intercourse 01-02 days before 

• avoid using tampons the day or two before colposcopy

• don't take vaginal medications for 02 days before colposcopy (with doctor’s consent) 

• doctor may recommend taking an over-the-counter pain reliever 

• exercise, meditation, and being with friends and family eases off anxiety

WHAT HAPPENS DURING COLPOSCOPY? 

1. patient lies back on a table with feet in supports

2. doctor places a metal speculum in the vagina that holds open the vaginal walls

3. Colposcope is positioned a few inches away from vulva and a bright light is shined into vagina, while the doctor looks through the lens

4. the cervix and vagina are swabbed with cotton to clear away any mucus

5. the doctor may apply a solution of mild vinegar or another solution to the area to highlight any areas of suspicious cells

6. during the biopsy, if the doctor finds a suspicious area, a small sample of tissue may be collected for further testing

IMPORTANT INFORMATION 

Colposcopy is a relatively safe procedure with very few risks involved. Rare complications from biopsies taken during colposcopy can occur such as: 

• Infection

• Pelvic pain

• Heavy bleeding

• Chills

• Fever

• Heavier Bleeding than what is typically experienced during the periods

• Severe abdominal pain

 Doctor needs to be consulted. 

After Colposcopy

• If the doctor didn't take a biopsy sample during colposcopy, the patient won't have any restrictions 

• some spotting or very light bleeding from the vagina in the next day or two can be expected

• If a biopsy sample has been taken during colposcopy, patient may experience:

-vaginal or vulvar pain for a day or two

-light vaginal bleeding that lasts a few days

-dark vaginal discharge 

-a pad can be used to catch any blood or discharge

-advised avoiding tampons, douching and vaginal intercourse for a week after the biopsy 

Interpretations 

Results of Colposcopy will determine whether there would be need for any further testing and treatment.